WGD is common in the evolutionary history of many wild and cultivated plant species. Genes can be duplicated by different mechanisms, including tandem duplication, transposon-mediated duplication, segmental duplication, or in the most extreme form by whole-genome duplication (WGD) or polyploidization. The results demonstrate the prominent role of gene PAV in determining agronomic traits, suggesting that this important class of polymorphism should be exploited more systematically in future plant breeding.ĭuplication of genes followed by diversification is a common process shaping the evolution of plant species by natural and artificial (breeding) selection 1. longisporum resistance, and high-priority candidate genes identified within QTL were all affected by PAV. Gene PAV, assayed by resequencing mapping parents, was observed in 23–51% of the genes within confidence intervals of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for V. longisporum resistance in biparental and multi-parental mapping populations. Using Single Nucleotide absence Polymorphism (SNaP) markers to efficiently trace PAV in breeding populations, we significantly increased the resolution of loci influencing V. Here we analyze the association of gene PAV with resistance of oilseed rape ( Brassica napus) against the important fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum, as an example for a complex, quantitative disease resistance in the strongly rearranged genome of a recent allopolyploid crop species. Although copy number variation (CNV) and presence-absence variation (PAV) have been discovered in selected gene families in most crop species, the global prevalence of these polymorphisms in most complex genomes is still unclear and their influence on quantitatively inherited agronomic traits is still largely unknown.

Clc genomics workbench snp detection